A maternal selenium intake of 500-750
micrograms in the form of Selenium Yeast is a safe daily intake,
adequate for infant and maternal needs. This is based on a study on
selenium status of exclusively breast fed infants as influenced by
maternal organic (Selenium Yeast) or non-organic (selenite)
supplementation in 200 lactating women in
Finland.
BIOAVAILABILITY
When supplementing selenium, one should aim to obtain
selenium in the form normally found in
foods.
Nutritecks Selenium Yeast, grown under a
carefully monitored fermentation process, binds the selenium into
the same organic compounds as found in natural
foods.
Several studies have shown that organic
selenium such as high Selenium Yeast is more bioavailable than
inorganic sources of selenium such as selenate or
selenite.
In a study with Finnish men, selenium blood levels of
subjects given organic forms (wheat and yeast) of selenium
increased up to 10 weeks whereas in the selenate group, selenium blood
levels plateaued at a lower levels after 4 weeks (Levander, et al. 1983).
In addition, the study also showed that organic forms of selenium were
stored in the body and then used at a later
time.
A study of selenium supplementation in breast feeding
mothers and infants clearly showed that Selenium Yeast was safe
and more effective than inorganic selenite in increasing selenium
concentrations of maternal blood serum and milk and infant serum
(Kumpulainen et. al., 1985).
A Danish study of selenium supplementation in
humans, illustrated that organic selenium is more bioavailable
than selenate and selenite (Clausen and Nielsen, 1988). Organic selenium
compounds, selenomethionine and high Selenium Yeast gave significantly
higher blood serum levels and glutathione peroxidase activities than
either selenate or selenite.
CANCER REDUCTION
RESEARCH
Selenium Yeast provides a natural protection against
several kinds of cancer. Some recent studies have indicated that
Selenium Yeast can reduce the incidence of some
cancers.
Large scale studies with
nutritional supplementation of micronutrients such as selenium
have been carried out in China. Selenium Yeast in combination with beta
carotene and vitamin F showed that it might reduce the risk of stomach
cancer (Blot, a al., 1993). A trial using inorganic selenium and a mixture
of 26 micronutrients did not detect any reduction on the incidence or
mortality for this type of cancer (Li, et. al.,
1993).
A recent study showed that Selenium Yeast had a
significant effect on cancer (Clark, et. al. 1996). The large scale
American study showed that patients treated with Selenium Yeast had a
significant reduction in total cancer mortality, total cancer incidences
and incidences of lung, colorectal and prostrate
cancers.
TOXICITY OF SELENIUM VERSUS SELENIUM
YEAST
The "safe and adequate
range" for selenium consumption, established by the US. Food and
Nutrition Board, has been set at 50 to 200
mcg/day.
Natural selenium that humans consume is in the form of
organic seleno-proteins such as seleno-methionine and
seleno-cysteine. Foods such " as fish and whole grain cereals are
especially rich in organic selenium compounds (Schrauzer and White
1978).
Selenium Yeast contains
high levels of seleno-methionine. It has been estimated that up
to700/1000of the selenium in Selenium Yeast is
in the form of seleno-methionine.
Evaluations of toxicity of different forms of
selenium have shown that high Selenium Yeast is less toxic than
inorganic forms of selenium such as sodium selenate and
selenite.
A study with rats showed that high doses (1.5 and 3.0
mg/kg body weight) of organic selenium in Selenium Yeast did not have any
toxic effects after 14 days. This level of selenium is much higher than
the theoretical toxic level for inorganic selenium (Leiras, internal
report).
A comparison of the toxicity of a selenite and a
Selenium Yeast diet in rats showed that Selenium Yeast was much
less toxic (Spallholz and Raftery 1987). No hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxicity
or splenomegaly to 16 ppm dietary Se was observed in rats fed high
Selenium Yeast over an 8 week period. Animals fed selenite at the same
level showed signs of various
toxicities.
WARNING
Selenite and selenate are
inorganic chemicals. Simple blends of these with yeast do not
make organically bound selenium. One should request the selenomethionine
analysis of each lot to ensure that the effective nutritional form of
selenium is present.
QUALITY CRITERIA FOR SELENIUM
YEAST
Selenium is an essential
trace element which occurs in cereals and primarily in the form
of selenomethionine. This naturally occurring amino acid is the most
important food form of selenium.
Selenomethionine is well
absorbed and retained. From selenomethionine, all other needed
selenium compounds are produced in the body. On the other hand,
selenomethionine, like its sulfur analog, methionine, cannot be
synthesized efficiently in the human
organism.
All quality nutritional selenium supplements should therefore contain
selenomethionine
Selected yeast strains
incorporate selenium in the form of selenomethionine and thus are
excellent sources of this natural organic food form of
selenium.
However,
low-grade selenium yeasts containing little or no selenomethionine are
also marketed. These yeasts are often claimed to contain organically
bound" selenium when in fact their selenium is
inorganic!
Inorganic selenium
compounds are not normal food forms of selenium; they are less
well absorbed and retained.
Quality of
selenium yeasts contain virtually all of the selenium in the form of
selenomethionine.
When ordering
Selenium Yeast, make sure to request analytical certification as to its
selenomethionine content for each
batch.
REFERENCES
Blot et.al.,
1993 Nutrition intervention trials in Linxian
China:
Supplementation with specific vitamin/ mineral
combinations, cancer incidence and disease-specific mortality in the
general population. J. Natl. Clin. Inst. 85 1483-
1492.
Leiras. Single
dose toxicity of selenium yeast. Internal report #
64013-8530.
Borglund, M
and Akesson, B. 1988 Effect of selenium supplementation on the
distribution of selenium in plasma proteins of health subjects. lnternat.
J. Vit. Nutr. Res. 58, 97-102.
Clark, L C.
et. al., 1996 Effects of selenium supplementation cancer prevention in
patients with carcinoma of the skin. iouri American Medical Assoc. 276
(24), 1957-1963.
Clausen, J.
and Nielsen, S. A. 1998 Comparison of whole blood se nium values and
erythrocytes of glutathione peroxidase activities normal individuals on
supplementation with selenate, seleni L-selenomethionine and high selenium
yeast. Biol. Trace EIem. R15, 125-138.
Kumpulainen,
i.,
Salmenpera, L,
Siimes, M.A., Koivistoinen, P., a Perheentupa, i. 1985 Selenium status of
exclusively breast-I infants as influences by maternal organic or
inorganic selenium si plementation. i. Amer. Clin. Nutr. 42,
829-835.
Levander,
O.A., Alfthan, G., Arvilommi, H., Gref C.G., Huttunen, i Kataja, M.
Koivistoinen, P. and Pikkarainen, i. 1983 Bioavailability selenium to
Finnish men as assessed by platelet glutathic peroxidase activity and
other blood parameters. Amer. Soc. CIin N37,
887-897.
Li., et. al.,
1993 Nutrition intervention trials in Linxian China Multiple vitamin/
mineral supplementation, cancer incidence, disease-specific mortality
among adults with esophageal dyspla i. Natl. Clin Inst. 85, 1492-
1498.
Schrauzer,
G.N. and White D. A. 1978 Selenium in human nutritition dietary intakes
and effects of supplementation. Bioorgan. Chem
303-318.
Spallholz, i.
E. and Raftery, A. 1987 Nutritional, chemical toxicological evaluation of
high selenium yeast. In The International Symposium of Se in Biology and
Medicine 516- 52
Ultra Mannan Oligosaccharide
Concentrated MOS Mannan
Oligosaccharide Cell Wall Extract
Ultra Mannan
Oligosaccharide:
a
naturally derived extract from the cell wall of saccharomyces cerevisiae,
is an animal feed ingredient and fermentation additive, with a mannose
content of approximately 20% wt/wt basis.
Product Typical
Specifications:
Physical form and color:
Non-Hydroscopic...Light brown powder
Particle size (through a 20 mesh
screen).................................100.0%
Protein....................................................................................................
30.0%
Ash.....................................................................................................8.0%
max.
Moisture..........................................................................................5.0%
max.
Lipid.................................................................................................5.0%
max.
Total plate
count....................................................................5000/g max.
Yeast and
molds.........................................................................100/g max.
Coliforms...........................................................................................Negative
Salmonella..............................................................................Negative(25g)
Typical
usage:
Typical usage levels range from
300 to 500 grams/ton/feed.
General Literature
Studies:
Effect blocking of colonization pathogens and stimulates the
development of beneficial protective lactobacillus and bifidobacterium
organisms.
One mode of action for
mannan-based oligosaccharides involves interference with colonization of
intestinal pathogens. Cell surface carbohydrates are primarily responsible
for cell recognition. At the simplest level is the role of carbohydrates
in blood types which are differentiated by cell coat sugars. Bacteria have
lectins (proteins or glycoproteins) on the cell surface that recognize
specific sugars and allow the cell to attach to that sugar. These sugars
can be found on the epithelial cell surface. Binding of Salmonella,
Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholera has been shown to be mediated by a
mannose-specific lectin-like substance on the bacterial cell
surface.
Storage: Store under
cool and dry conditions. Containers should be kept sealed and
dry.
Shelf life: Stable for
more than 12 months when stored under recommended
conditions.
General: Dry kibble type pet foods 1/2 kg
per/metric/ton
Wet canned
type pet foods 1/2 kg
per/metric/ton
Healthy dog
and cat treats 1 to 2
kg per/metric/ton
Compatible with high temperature processing via
baking/extrusion/pelleting
Packaging: 55
pound fiber keg with lined inner bags - (25 kg
metric)
Ultratecks Brewers Yeast
is made from carefully selected fresh ale yeast, which is collected under
sanitary conditions, screened and spray dried. Ultratecks Brewers Yeast is
an excellent source of Vitamin B complex.
APPEARANCE: is a light tan
free flowing powder.
FLAVOR AND ODOR:
Characteristic yeast flavor and odor, conforms to a reference
standard.
PARTICLE
SIZE:
100 % through U.S. Mesh
#20 Sieve (minimum)
85 % through U.S. Mesh #40
Sieve (minimum)
Typical Analysis
Biological:
MICROBIOLOGICAL
SPECIFICATIONS:
Standard Plate
Count........................................ 20,00/g.
Max.
Salmonella.........................................................
neg. / 250g.
Staphylococcus aureus
(coagulase positive)....... not detected
E.
coli............................................................... not
detected
Coliform...........................................................
less than 10g.
Yeast &
mold....................................................... 500/g.
Max.
SHELF LIFE: 12 Months
STORAGE: In a cool dry area, away from extreme heat and
cold.
SPRAY DRIED BREWERS YEAST
Typical Analysis Part
2:
CRUDE
PROTEIN.............................34 % MIN.
CRUDE
FIBER................................. 5 % MAX.
CRUDE
FAT.................................... 1 %
MIN.
MOISTURE.................................... 4 %
MAX.
ASH............................................. 8 %
MAX.
THIAMINE....................................
55 mg/g
RIBOFLAVIN................................... 30
mg/g
NIACIN........................................ 200
mg/g
PYRIDOXIN.................................... 40
mg/g
CHOLINE..................................... 4800
mg/g
FOLIC
ACID..................................... 20
mg/g
INOSITOL.................................... 5000
mg/g
General: Dry kibble type
Pet foods 30 kg
per/metric/ton
Wet
canned type Petfoods 30 kg
per/metric/ton
Healthy dog and cat Biscuits Treats 50 kg
per/metric/ton
Compatible with high temperature
processing via baking/extrusion/pelleting
Packaging: 55
pound lined bags - (25 kg metric)
Chromium 2000 Concentrate 
Activity Analysis:
FG / USP Grade 
Pet
food ingredients information in multi-media presentation
